Best Kidney Hospital in Hyderabad, India

Preview: Plasmapheresis, or therapeutic plasma exchange, is more of an intervention than a surgical procedure that aims to remove and replace the patient’s blood plasma to treat certain conditions by removing the disease-causing agents, like antibodies that attack the body.

Surgical Steps

• An IV is inserted to carefully remove small amounts of blood, which is passed down through a machine that separates the blood from the blood cells.
• The plasma contaminated with the harmful substances is discarded through its mechanism, and the remaining blood cells are combined with the replacement fluid, such as donor plasma or albumin protein, and returned to the patients.

Benefits:

• Treats autoimmune disorders
• Life-saving intervention
• Improved outcomes

Read more about – Therapeutic Plasma Exchange

Preview: Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) is a continuous home-based dialysis treatment that aims to replace kidney function by using the inner lining of the abdominal cavity (peritoneum) as a filter and removing excess fluid and toxic waste from the blood. Its purpose is to maintain a stable internal environment in kidney failure.

Surgical Steps

• A permanent, soft, flexible plastic catheter is placed into the abdominal cavity just below the navel, followed by the manual filling of the dialysate solution.
• Dialysate remains in the abdominal cavity for several hours, known as the dwell time, where it collects toxic waste and excess fluid. The peritoneum functions as a filtration mechanism.
• However, the contaminated dialysate is drained out of the abdomen, and the new batch is prepared to be inserted, completing a dialysis session, which repeats 3-5 times a day.

Benefits:

• Improved residual kidney function
• Reduced physical stress
• Flexible and independent
• Improved nutritional control
• Cost-effectiveness

Read more about – Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD)

Preview: Peritoneal dialysis in an acute setting is designed to temporarily replace the entire kidney function by utilising the patient’s peritoneal membrane as a filter. It removes toxic waste and excess fluid or electrolytes from the blood in acute kidney failure, where the kidneys fail to perform the task above, or when haemodialysis is not feasible.

Surgical Steps

• This minor surgery is performed under the influence of local anaesthesia or mild sedation, where a specialist surgically inserts a catheter to allow the dialysate to be introduced and drained.
• This minimally invasive procedure takes 20 minutes, followed by 4-6 hours of hospital stay, with final recovery taking 5-7 days.

Benefits:

• Less complex and cost-effective
• Haemodynamically stable
• Preserves residual kidney function
• Reduces the need for electricity and water

Preview: Immunosuppression induction therapy is a short-term regimen of high-dose immunosuppressants administered during an organ transplant to prevent acute organ rejection in the initial post-surgical weeks. It mitigates rejection episodes and allows reduced doses of long-term immunosuppressants.

Surgical Steps

• The specific immunosuppression induction therapy type and dose depend on the patient’s health and conditions. It typically involves a short course of immunosuppressants, like antibody therapies or conventional high-dose immunosuppressants.

Benefits:

• Improves long-term graft survival
• Minimises the risk of complications
• Lowers the risk of acute rejection

Preview: It aims to remove the kidney tumour while preserving the healthy surrounding tissues by offering a minimally invasive approach that can be performed radically or partially, depending on the tumour size.

Surgical Steps

• The surgeon administers general anaesthesia and makes several small incisions in the abdomen to insert a laparoscope, robotic arms, and other specialised instruments.
• The robotic system imparts 3D vision and enhanced control of the instruments over the operating area. The surgeon locates and removes the tumours while preserving the surrounding tissues, repairs blood vessels, and stitches the incision.

Benefits:

• Reduced pain
• Faster recovery
• Smaller scars
• Improved cosmesis
• Reduced blood loss

Read more about – Nephrectomy

Preview: It aims to remove an adrenal mass using robotic technology that performs minimally invasive techniques, imparting enhanced precision and dexterity, thus providing a less invasive alternative to traditional open surgeries.

Surgical Steps

• Patients undergo MRI and blood tests to confirm the size and location of the adrenal tumour.
• The surgeon makes a small incision to insert the robotic arms and carefully dissects the adrenal mass while minimising damage to the adjacent organs.
• The surgeon may prescribe medications for pain management.

Benefits:

• Reduced pain
• Less blood loss
• Shorter hospital stays
• Faster recovery

Preview: Renal artery angioplasty and stenting aim to improve the blood circulation by narrowing or widening the blocked renal artery. Its purpose is to control hypertension, protect kidney function, and improve cardiovascular health.

Surgical Steps

• An X-ray-guided catheter insertion is performed with a small balloon attached to the tip of the catheter, which is blown to widen the narrow artery.
• A tiny mesh is kept within the artery to prevent it from narrowing again. The catheter and balloon are removed after stent placement, and the incisions are stitched.

Benefits:

• Reduced blood pressure
• Improved renal function
• Reduced risk of cardiovascular events
• Minimally invasive

Preview: Kidney-sparing surgery, also known as partial nephrectomy, aims to remove the part of the kidney where the tumour is located as well as much of the healthy kidney tissue as possible. It is specifically performed for people with small kidney tumours, bilateral kidney tumours, or moderate to severe chronic kidney disease.

Surgical Steps

• There are two minimally invasive alternatives to open kidney-sparing surgery: laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN).
• LPN involves removing the tumour through small incisions using specialised tools while preserving as much of the kidney tissue as possible, whereas RAPN uses two robotic arms and a camera for precision, dexterity, and 3D imaging.

Benefits:

• Preservation of renal function
• Improved long-term health
• Reduced complication
• Faster recovery

Preview: Haemodialysis catheterization is a procedure performed during haemodialysis treatments to access the bloodstream temporarily when other vascular access methods like grafts are not readily available or fail to be used. Its purpose is to perform immediate dialysis for patients with kidney failure in an emergency.

Surgical Steps

• The surgeon performs the procedure after administering local anaesthesia and makes a small incision to insert the dialysis catheter, typically accessing the internal jugular vein or the femoral vein.
• The patient is monitored to maintain the blood flow and prevent complications.

Benefits:

• Immediate access
• Acute kidney failure management
• Infection prevention

Preview: Perma-cath insertion, also known as a central venous catheter, is a minor procedure performed during tunneled haemodialysis, aiming to create safe, reliable, and permanent access during haemodialysis in patients with kidney diseases when an AV fistula or other options are unsuitable.

Surgical Steps

• It is a minor surgical procedure performed under local anaesthesia, followed by an attachment of the pulse oximeter to the finger to monitor the blood oxygen levels.
• A guide wire is inserted into the major vein through ultrasound guidance into the internal jugular vein, and the dialysis wire is then inserted through the guide wire.
• Immediately after recovery, the patient stays for 45 minutes for vital monitoring; initial recovery takes up to 10 days, and final recovery requires a few weeks.

Benefits:

• Reduced risk of infections
• Best option for immediate dialysis
• Alternative for graft/fistula failure
• Minimises the use of painful needles
• Long-term confrontation during multiple dialysis

Read more about – Permacath Insertion

Preview: Renal denervation therapy (RND) aims to reduce blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension by specifically damaging the renal nerves, which earlier were not under control despite the use of multiple medications. It potentially reduces the number of prescriptions required to manage hypertension.

Surgical Steps

• The surgeon performs under the influence of local anaesthesia or sedation, followed by the insertion of the catheters into the renal blood vessels.
• Radiofrequency energy is applied to damage the nerve endings responsible for hypertension.
• The team may give patients a post-operative guide, including medical prescriptions and activity restrictions.

Benefits:

• Reduced blood pressure
• Potential for medication reduction
• Improved cardiovascular health
• Reduces the burden of arrhythmias
• Improved obstructive sleep apnoea

Read more about – Renal Denervation Therapy (RND)

Why is it performed?

The electrolyte panel is a blood test conducted to evaluate kidney function by monitoring the concentrations of electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. This test also facilitates diagnosis and monitoring of conditions, such as chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury, while managing fluid and electrolyte imbalances.

Advantages:

• Assess acid-base balance
• Early detection
• Monitors disease progression
• Reduced risk of complications
• Improving patient outcomes

Read more about – Electrolytes Test

Why is it performed?

To evaluate the extent of inflammation associated with chronic kidney disease, two notable inflammatory markers must be considered, namely C-reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). These markers assess the progression of chronic kidney disease and the concomitant increased risk of cardiovascular disease, respectively.

Advantages:

• Identify cardiovascular risk
• Predicting kidney disease progression
• Elucidates the mechanism of kidney function
• Identifying the risk of complications

Read more about – CRP Test

Why is it performed?

Autoimmune markers help identify autoantibodies, antibodies that target the kidneys, like anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies found in Goodpasture syndrome, that cause kidney damage. It also identifies the underlying mechanism of autoimmune kidney disease.

Advantages:

• Better distinguish different conditions
• Early detection
• Improved prognosis

Why is it performed?

The uric acid test measures the uric acid levels in blood or urine. Its primary aim is to diagnose and monitor gout, kidney stones, and other metabolic disorders to assess kidney function. It is performed against conditions like hyperuricemia (high uric acid levels), adding to nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) and worsening chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Advantages:

• Guiding the management of kidney stones
• Monitors chemotherapy-related uric acid evaluation
• Early detection of renal problems

Read more about – Uric Acid Test

Why is it performed?

Urinalysis, commonly referred to as a urine routine test, is a general body test to detect the signs of infections, kidney infections, or diabetes from a urine sample. It checks for physical, chemical, and microscopic properties and detects conditions like urinary tract infections, kidney diseases, diabetes, and liver problems.

Advantages:

• Early detection of health problems
• Identify specific abnormalities, such as pus cells or cholesterol crystals.
• Detects bladder cancer
• Non-invasive and quick

Read more about – Urine Routine Test

Why is it performed?

This test aims to identify and determine the sensitivity of bacteria or microorganisms in the urine and is particularly performed to diagnose urinary tract infections. It identifies the bacteria or fungi causing the infections and determines which antibiotics are useful against the condition.

Read more about – Urine Culture Test

Why is it performed?

It is a noninvasive imaging technique that detects kidney stones, cysts, and tumours and evaluates initial post-surgical recovery. It thoroughly assesses kidney, ureter, and bladder functions.

Advantages:

• Safe
• Cost-effective
• Real-time imaging
• Better initiatives for abnormal kidney functions

Why is it performed?

An MAG3 (mercaptoacetyltriglycine) scan is performed to evaluate kidney function and renal blood flow, detect obstructions (hydronephrosis), and monitor conditions such as renal artery stenosis, pyelonephritis, or hydronephrosis.

Advantages:

• Determine the individual functionality of each kidney.
• Subtly differentiates renal problems
• Quantitative analysis
• Non-invasive

Why is it performed?

It is a nuclear medicine imaging test used to evaluate kidney size and shape, diagnose renal scarring, assess kidney function, and monitor kidney infections or diseases.

Advantages:

• Non-invasive
• Thorough assessment of the kidneys
• Early detection of the problems

Read more about – DMSA Scan

Why is it performed?

Renal scintigraphy, a renogram or DTPA scan, is a nuclear medicine imaging technique used to evaluate glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow and detect scarring, tumours, and obstructions. It also assesses the effects of injuries or diseases like hypertension or diabetes and monitors post-surgical kidney transplants.

Advantages:

• Non-invasive
• Provides structural and functional information
• Early detection of abnormalities
• Low radiation exposure
• Quantitative analysis

Why is it performed?

It is an imaging technique that aims to visualise renal blood vessels and their branches, assess blood flow, and identify any blockages, narrowing, or abnormalities, such as stenosis, an aneurysm, blockages, thromboses, tumours, or fistulas.

Benefits:

• Aids in developing a tailored treatment plan
• Precise diagnosis
• Guiding the interventional process
• Reduced risk of complications
• Improved patient outcomes

Why is it performed?

Percutaneous kidney biopsy aims to diagnose a kidney disease by collecting a tissue sample for microscopic analysis. Its purpose is to provide information about the severity and type of kidney damage, evaluate the treatment’s effectiveness, and monitor the post-surgical conditions.

Advantages:

• Minimally invasive
• Accurate and safe
• Cost-effective

Why is it performed?

A CT scan is a non-invasive radiology imaging method that combines an X-ray with a set of computers to generate more detailed images of the patient’s internal organs than a regular X-ray. Its unique capabilities allow simultaneous imaging of bones, internal organs, and blood vessels, which is important in emergency cases to identify internal injuries.

Advantages:

• Rapid and convenient
• Monitors disease progression
• Non-invasive
• Cost-effective

Read more about – CT Scan

Why is it performed?

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans employ radio waves and magnetic fields to acquire high-definition images of soft tissues, such as muscles abundant in water, which are typically not visible on standard X-ray images, which primarily depict bones.
• Most importantly, MRI is utilised to evaluate renal function through methodologies, including Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE) and Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) imaging techniques.

Advantages:

• Superior soft tissue contrast
• No ionising radiation
• Evaluates renal artery stenosis
• Renal transplant assessment
• Reduced risk of contrast nephropathy

Read more about – MRI Scans